Method of advertising and apparatus therefor.



F.- T. HOPKINS.

METHOD OF ADVERTISING AND APPARATUS THEREFOR.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 14. 1.914.

,0992. Patented Aug. 31, .1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET I.

F. T. HOPKINS.

METHOD OF ADVERTISING AND APPARATUS THEREFOR.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 14. I914.

1,152,02. Patented Aug. 31,1915. 27, )5 4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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METHOD OF ADVERTISING AND APPARATUS THEREFOR.

APPLICATIONFILED FEB. 14. 1914.

1 152 092. Patented Aug. 31, 1915.

9 a 4 SHEETSSHEE1 3.

a? M M a? w;

F. T. HOPKINS.

METHOD OF ADVERTISING AND APPARATUS THEREFOR.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 14. 1914.

1 ,152,Q92. Patented Aug. 31, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4. 127.9. 1 7.1.

FRANK THOMPSON HOPKINS, OF ST. LOUIS, .MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR 'IO THOS.CUSAC'K COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

ETHOD or anvnnrrsmeam: APPARATUS THEREFOR.

Licence.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 31, 1915'.

Application filed February 14, i914. $erial No. 818,662.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, FRANK THOMPSON HOPKINS, acitizen of the United States, residing at the city of St. Louis, Stateof Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inMethods of Advertising and Apparatus Therefor, of which the following isa specification.

This invention consists of an improved method of and apparatus foradvertising, and is particularly adapted for use to display, preferablyby illuminating means, the

routes and runs of trains of a railway system, though, of course, isequally well adapted for similar use for displaying the routes and runsof ships, boats, and other convey-f ances,for displaying the course andprogress of a disease in the human system, and a for various otherpurposes.

In the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification, inwhich like numbers of reference denote like parts wherever they occur,Figure 1 is a perspective view of an electric sign with a skeleton mapof a railway system thereon; Fig. 2 is a diagram-'.

matical view of the flasher' and the wiring therefor; Figs. 3, 4, and 5are detailed views of parts of the flasher; Figs. 6, 7, and 8 arecircumferential views of the flasher drums; Fig. 9 is a front view, onanenlarged scale, of one of the city lamp-holders; Fig. 10 is asectional view on the line 10-10, Fig. 9; Fig. 11 is a front view, on anenlarged scale, of one of the arrows; Fig. 12 is a side elevation ofsame; and Fig. 13 is a longitudinal sectional View of a portion of atrack section.

In the improved method of advertising embodying the present invention,an apparatus consisting of a framework of-suitable construction and anelectric sign supported thereby is employed. The framework, as shown inthe drawings, comprises a plurality of bents, which stand substantiallyvertically in spaced parallel relation. Each bent is preferably formedwith a trapezoidal "closed members 3 on the front of the framework andconsisting essentially of the city or station lamp-holders 5, which aredistributed in proper relation over the front of the framework, and thetrack sections 6, which connect same. holder 5, as depicted in detail inFigs. 9 and 10, is preferably conical in shape, being formed of sheetmetal and having a lampsocket 7 secured in its apex or rear end in anysuitable manner for the reception of an electnc lamp 8, the front ofsame being closed by, a circular piece 9 of glass or other transparentor translucent material which is held in place by any suitable means.The name of the city or station may be painted or otherwise applied onthe face of the glass 9, so. that, when the circuit of the lamp 8 is inthe manner hereinafter described, the name of thecity or station can beeasily read. An opening 10 is provided in the wall of said lamp-holderto allow the lamp to be renewed when necessary, and a door 11 ispreferably slidably. supported. over said opening to keep same closed.Saidlampholder 5 is located between two horizontal members 3 and isriveted, Wired, or otherwise secured to same and, also, to the memberor'm'embers 12 or to a front upright 1 ad acent thereto. Each tracksection 6 is preferably formed of iron or otherfsuitable material andhas a plurality of lamp sockets 13 secured thereto for electric lamps14, the lamps 14 in some track sections being lightedsuccessively. inthe manner hereinafter described to give a travelmg effect. 7 p

In addition to the skeleton map hereinabove described, the name of therailway system or lines displayed in the skeleton map, namely, the X Y Zlines, also, appears upon the front of the framework. The letters of thesaid name are preferably isocured'tohorizontal members 3 near the top ofthe framework, and have a plurality of electric lamps 15 attached to thefront of same, therebeing, also, a border 16 around the said name, whichborder is secured to horizontal members 3 near the to of the frameworkand has a plurality '0 electric lamps 17 attached to the front of same.The names of the divisions, n amely, Okla home-Texas, andMemphis-Birmingrlmna- Florida, also, appear on the front of theframework, the letters composing some being secured to horizontalmembers 3 the reception; of the Each city or station lamphaving electriclamps 18 attached to the .front of same.

' In the skeleton map depicted in the drawlngs, all main lines havea'connection with a common terminus, namely, St. Louis.

From the latter, a track section 6 leads to Springfield being the firsttrack section of the Oklahoma-Texas division, and another track section6 which is the first of the Memphis-Birmingham-Florida division leads toMemphis. Three track sections 6 lead from Springfield, one to FortSmith, another to Oklahoma City, and the third to Joplin. A tracksection connects Fort Smith and Paris, and another connects the latterand Dallas. Two track sections lead from Dallas, one to Fort Worth andthe other to Houston, Galveston and Brownsville being connected withHouston by means of separate track sections. A'track section of a branchline leads from Houston to Beaumont, another from Beaumont to BatonRouge, and a third from Baton Rouge to New Orleans. From Oklahoma City atrack section 6 leads to Quanah, and from Joplin another track sectionleads to Wichita. From a junction point 19 on the track section 6, whichconnects Springfield and Oklahoma, a branch track section leads toDenison & Sherman, from which another track section leads to Fort Worth.Another branch track section leads from the junction 19 to Wyanoka andanother track section leads from the latter to a lamp-holder 20, whichis secured to the front of the framework by any suitable means. A tracksection 6 "connects Memphis and Birmingham and another track section 6leads from Birmingham to another lamp-holder 20, which is, also, securedto the front of the framework by any suitable means.

Each lamp-holder 20 consists of a hollow casing preferably formed 'ofsheet metal and having rearwardly-converging walls, the rear wall ofsame having lamp sockets 7 secured thereto in any suitable manner forthe reception of electric lamps 8. An opening 21 in a wall of thelamp-holder 20 permits the lamp 8 to be renewed, and is provided with adoor 22 which is preferably slidably supported over said opening. The

front of said holder is closed by a piece 23 65d of glas s or othersuitable transparent or transluceiit mate,rial which is preferablyformed with so ewhat the shape of an arrow. The gla front 123 of thelampholder 20 that is donnected with Wyanoka has To California paintedor otherwise applied on its face to indicate that the line running fromSt. Louis to Springfield and Wyanoka either continues to California orconnects with another line running toCalifornia. In like manner, To

Florida is painted or otherwise applied on the face of the glass front23 of the lampholder 20, which is connected with Birmingham, the sameindicating that the line running from St. Louis to Memphis andBirmingham either continues to Florida or connects with another linerunning to Florida.

The lamps 15 indicating the X Y Z lines and the lamps 17 in the borderaround same burn continuously, while the circuits of the lamps 8 in thelamp-holders 5 and 20, the lamps 14 indicating the track, and the lamps18 indicating the names of the divisions may be controlled by anysuitable means such as a flasher depicted in Fig. 2. The flasher shownin the drawings comprises an upper drum 24 mounted on a shaft 25, whichmay be revolubly supported by any suitable means (not shown), and twolower drums 26 and 27 mounted on a shaft 28, which may, also, berevolubly supported by any suitable means. An operating shaft 29, whichmay be driven by any suitable means such as an electric motor (notshown), bears a worm 30, which meshes with and drives a wormgear 31rigidly mounted on the shaft 28, the latter bearing a sprocket-wheel 32,which drives a sprocket-wheel 33 on shaft 25 through the medium of asprocket-chain 34.

.Each drum is preferably insulated from its thereto, as best seen 1nFigs. 6, 7, and 8, respectively. Each drum has a connection with acylindrical member 49 on its supporting shaft through the medium of aconductor 50, said member being, also, insulated from its supportingshaft and being always in engagement with a brush 51. A conductor 52,which leads from one side of a switch 53, connects through a fuse 54with the brush 51, which engages the member 49 having a connection withthe drum 27, and a conductor 55, which leads from the other side of theswitch, also, connects through fuses 54 with the brushes 51 which engagethe members 49 having connections with the drums 24 and 26,respectively, said switch being, also, connected with the positive andnegative lines 56 and 57, respectively, of the supply circuit.Conductors 58 which lead from the individual brushes. 35 pass throughcables 59, and are connected separately with the lamps 8 in theparticular city or station lamp-holders 5 having St. Louis, Springfield,Fort Smith, Paris, Dallas, Fort Worth, Houston, Galveston, Brownsville,Oklahoma City, Quanah, Joplin, Wichita, Wyanoka, Memphis, and Birminghamon their lenses 9, the lamps 8 .in the lamp-holders 20, and the lamps 14in the track sections 6 connecting the said holders 5' and 20.Conductors 60, eachhaving a connection with'several lamps as depicted inFig, 13, connect through fuses 61 with the return line 62 of the supplycircuit. The conductor 52, also, connects through a fuse 54 with a brush63, which is always in engagement with a cylindrical mem is preferablyinsulated. from the. shaft 28 and is electrically connected with members65, 66, and 67 on said shaft through the medium of a conductor 68, saidmembers-65, 66, and 67 being, also, insulated fromsaid shaft. The member65 bears arcuated plates 69 and 70, which are adapted to engageseparately a brush 71, the member 66 bears arcuated plates 72 and 73,which are adapted to engage separately a brush 74, and the member 67bears an arcuated plate 75 which is adapted to engage a brush 76. Aconductor 77, which connects through a fuse 54 with the brush 71 leadsto the lamps 18 indicating the Oklahoma-Texas division, a conductor 78,which connects through a fuse 54 with the brush 74, leads to the lamps18 indi(ating the Memphis-Birmingham- Florida division, and a conductor79, which,

also, connects through a fuse 54 with the brush 76, leads to the lamps 8in the lampholders 5 having Denison & Sherman, Beaumont, Baton Rouge,and New Orleans on their lenses and the lamps 14 in the track sectionsbetween the junction point 19 and Denison & Sherman, between the latterand Fort Worth, between Houston. and Beaumont, between Beaumont, andBaton Rouge, and between Baton Rouge and New Orleans, the circuits ofthese particular lamps 14 and 8. and the lamps 18 being, also, completedthrough some of the conductors 60, fuses 61, and the return line 62.Conductors 80, which lead from opposite sides of the switch 53, furnishelectric ower for the lamps 15 and 17, the circuits eing completedthrough some of the conductors 60, fuses 61, and the return line 62.

In practice, it is preferable tojuse smallerlamps in the track sections6 than in the lamp-holders 5 and 20, for example, 4-

candle-power lamps 14 may be used in the track sections and 60-wattlamps 8 may be used in said lamp-holders. For the purpose of-conspicuityand distinction, the lamps 8 in the lamp-holders 5 and 20 may haveclearglobes, while the lamps 14 in the track sec tions may have celoredglobes.

It will be observed that each plate borne er 64 on the shaft 28. Saidmember 64 by the drums 24, 26, and 27, with the exception of plates 42,43,46, and 47, has a sloping edge, which is the first part of same toengage its co5perating brushes 35, the sloping edge of the plate 36consisting of the offset sections 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, and 86, thesloping edge of the plate 37 consisting of an unbroken section 87, thesloping edge of the plate 38 consisting of the offset sections 88 and89, the sll ing edges of the plates 39, 40, and 41 consisting ofunbroken sections 90, 91, and 92, respectively, the sloping edge of theplate 44 consisting of the ofiset sections 93 and 94, the sloping edgeof plate 45 consisting of an unbroken section 95, and the sloping edgeof the plate 47 consisting of the offset sections 96, 97, and 98. Thelates 36, 37, 3s, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46,4 and 48 arepredeterminedly and accurately arranged so that, when each drumdsrotated in the direction of the arrows, Fig. 2, through a completerevolution to effect the proper flashing of the lamps in the mannerhereinafter described, the plate 36 presents its-sloping sections 81,82, 83, 84, 85, and 86 successively to their respective brushes 31, thenthe plate 36 disengages said brushes 35 and the sloping section 87 ofthe plate 37 and the sections 88 and 89 of the plate 38 movesuccessivelyinto engagement with 9 their respective brushes 35, next the plates 0spective brushes 35 and the plate 42 and the sloping sections 96, 97,and 98 of the plate 47 move successively into engagement with theirrespective brushes 35, then the plates 42 and 47 simultaneouslydisengage their respective brushes 35 and the plates 43, 46, and 48 movesimultaneously into engagement with their respective brushes 35, andlastly the plates 43, 46, and 48 simultaneously disengage said brushes.By this arrangement, the circuits of lamps 8 and 14 are successivelyclosed so as to give a traveling effect, it being understood thatall'runs start at St. Louis.

In the wiring of the lamps 14 in the track section 6 between Dallas and.Fort Worth said lamps are preferably connected separately in multiplewith ing number of lamps 14 that are located in the track section 6between Dallas and Houston adjacent to the latter, the lamps 8 in thelamp-holders 5 having Fort the correspond- 'orth and Houston on theirlenses being, also, connected in multiple, it being, of course,understood that the circuit of each two multiple-connected lamps iscontrolled by one brush 35. In like manner, the lamps 17 in the tracksection 6 between Houston and Galveston are connected separately inmultiple with a corresponding number of lamps 14 that are located in thetrack section between Houston and Brownsville adjacent to the latter,while the lamps 8 in the lamp-holders 5 having Brownsville and Galvestonon their lenses, are, also, connected in multiple.

The members 65, 66, and 67 are so arranged relative to each other andthe drums that just before any portion of the plate 36 engages a brush35, the plate 69 engages the brush 71, thereby closing the circuit ofthe lamps 18 in the letters of the'Oklahoma- Texas division. This plate69 remains in engagement with said brush 71, while the plates 36, 37,38, 39, 44, 40, 41, and 45 are moved into engagement with theirrespective brushes 35 as hereinabove described, and disengages saidbrush 71, so as to break the circuit of. the lamps 18 in the letters ofthe Oklahoma-Texas division at the same time the plates 40, 41, and 45disengage their respective brushes 35. Then the plate 72 on the member66 engages the brush 74 just before any part of the plate 42 engages itsbrush 35, and thereby closes the circuit of the lamps 18 in the lettersof the Memphis- Birmingham-Florida division. Said plate 72 remains inengagement with the brush 74 while the plates 42 and 47 are moved intoengagement with their respective brushes 35 as hereinabove described,and disengagessaid brush 74 so as to break the circuit of the lamps 18in the letters of the Memphis- Birmingham-Florida division at the sametime the plates 42 and 47 disengage their respective brushes 35. Next,the plates 70, 73, and 75 on the members 65, 66, and 67 move into andthen out of engagement with the brushes 71, 74, and 76, respectively, at

the same time the plates 43., 46, and 48 move into and out of engagementwith their respective brushes 35, with the result of closing andbreaking the circuits of all the lamps 8, 14, and 18.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows: The closing of the switch53 immediately closes the circuit of the lamps 15 in the name of thesystem or lines, namely, the X Y Z lines, and, also, the circuit of thelamps 17 in the border around said name, and energizes the drums 24, 26,and 27-- and the members 65, 66, and 67. The shafts 25 and 28 beingrotated in the direction of the arrows, Fig. 2, in the mannerhereinabove described cause said drums and members to move the platesborne thereby into and out of engagement with their cooperating brushes,with the result of dis playing separately some of the lines of theOklahoma-Texas division, then displaying, the line of theMemphis-Birmingham-Florida division, and lastly displaying the wholesystem.

First, the plate 69 moves into engagement with its brush 71 and therebycloses the circuit of the lamps 18 in the letters of the Oklahoma-Texasdivision.

Second, the sloping sections 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, and 86 of the plate 36successively engage their respective brushes 35, whereby the section 81closes the circuit of the lamp 8 behind the lens 9 bearing St. Louis andsuccessively closes the circuits of the lamps 14 in the track section 6from St. Louis to Springfield and, also, the circuit of the lamp 8behind the lens 9 bearing Springfield, then the section 82 successivelycloses the circuits of the lamps 14 in the track section 6 fromSpringfield to Fort Smith and, also, the circuit of the lamp 8 behindthe lens 9 bearing Fort Smith, then the section 83 successively closesthe circuits of the lamps 14 in the track section 6 from Fort Smith toParis and, also, the circuit of the lamp 8 behind the lens 9 bearingParis, then the section 84 closes the circuits of the lamps 14 in thetrack section 6 from Paris to Dallas and, also, the lamp 8 behind thelens-9 bearing Dallas, next the section 85 successively closes thecircuits of the lamps 14 in the track section 6 from- Dallas to Houstonand, also, the lamp 8 behind the lens 9 bearing Houston and at the sametime successively closes the circuits of the lamps 14 in the tracksection 6 from Dallas to Fort Worth and, also, the lam behind the lens 9bearing Fort-Worth, and lastly the section 86 successively closes thecircuits of the lamps 14 in the track section 6 from Houston toBrownsville and, also, the lamp 8 behind the lens I 9 bearingBrownsville and at the same time successively closes the circuits of thelamps 14 in the track section 6 from Houston to Galveston and, also, thecircuit of the lamp 8 behind the lens 9 bearing 1'15 Galveston, afterwhich the plate 36 disengages its cotiperating brushes 35, with theresult of breaking the circuits of the particular lamps 8 and 14controlled thereby.

Third, the sloping section 87 of the plate 37 andthe sloping sections 88and 89 of the plate 38 move successively into engagement with theircoiiperating brushes 35, whereby the section 87 of the plate 37 closesthe circuit of the lamp 8 behind the lens 9 bearing St. Louis andsuccessively closes the circuits of the lamps 14 in the track section 6from St. Louis to Springfield and, also, the circuit of the lamp 8behind the lens 9 bearing Springfield, next the section 88 of the plate38 successively closes the circuits of the lamps 14 in the track section6 from Springfield to Oklahoma City and, also, the circuit of the lamp 8behind the lens 9 bearing Oklahoma City, and then the section 89 of theplate 38 successively closes the circuits of the lamps 14 in the tracksection 6 from Oklahoma to Quanah and, also, the lamp 8 behind the lens9 bearing Quanah, after which said plates 37 and 38 simultaneouslydisengage their co6perating brushes 35, so as to break the circuits ofthe lamps 8 and 14 controlled thereby.

Fourth, the sloping section 90 of the plate 39 and the sloping sections93 and 94 of the plate 44 move successively into engagement with theircoiiperating brushes 35, with the result that the section 90 of theplate 39 closes the circuit of the lamp 8 behind. the lens 9 bearing St.Louis and successively closes the circuits of the lamps 14 in the tracksection 6 from St. Louis to Springfield and, also, the circuit of thelamp 8 behind the lens 9 bearing Springfield, next the section 93" ofthe plate 44 successively closes the circuits of the lamps 14 in thetrack section 6 from Springfield to Joplin and, also, the circuit of thelamp 8 behind the lens 9 bearing Joplin, and then the section 94 of theplate 44 successively closes the circuits of the lamps 14 in the tracksection 6 from Joplin to Wichita and, also, the circuit of the lamp 8behind the lens bearing Wichita, after which the plates 39 and 44simultaneously disengage their coiiperating brushes 35 so as to,breakthe circuits of the lamps 8 and 14 controlled thereby.

Fifth, the sloping sections 91, and 92, and 95 of the plates 40, 41, and45, respectively,

move successively into engagement with their coiiperating brushes 35,whereby the section 91 of the plate 40 closes the circuit of the. lamp 8behind the lens 9 bearing St. Louis and successively closes the circuitsof the lamps 14 in the tracksection 6 from St. Louis to Springfield and,also, the circuit of the lamp 8 behind the lens 9 hearing Springfield,next the sections 92 and 95 of the plates 41 and 45 successively "close'the circuits of the lamps 14in the track sections from Springfield toWaynoka and, also, the circuits of the lamp 8 behind the lens 9 bearingWaynoka, the lamps 14 in the track section 6 from Waynoka to the arrowmarked To California, and the lamps 8 behind the lens 23 hearing ToCalifornia, after which the plates 40, 41, and 45 simultaneouslydisengage their coiiperating brushes 35, with the result of breaking thecircuits of the lamps 8 and 14 controlled thereby, while at the sametime the plate 69 on member 65 disengages the brush 71, thereby breakingthe circuit of the lamps 18 in the letters in the Oklahoma-Texas divi-$1011. I

Sixth, the plate 72 on the member 66 moves into engagement with thebrush 74 and thereby closes the circuit of the lamps 18 in the lettersof the Memphis-Birmingham-Florida division.

Seventh, the plate 42 and the sloping sections 96, 97 and 98 of theplate 47 move successively into engagement with their 00- operatingbrushes 35, whereby the plate 42 closes the circuit of the lamp 8 behindthe lens 9 bearing St. Louis, the section 96 of the plate 47successively closes the circuits of the lamps 14 in the track section 6from St. Louis to Memphis and, also, the circuit of the lamp 8 behindthe lens 9 bearing Memphis, next the section 97 successively closes thecircuits of the lamps 14 in the track section from Memphis to Birminghamand, also, the circuit of the lamp 8 behind the lens 9 bearingBirmingham, and then the section 98 successively closes the circuits ofthe lamps 14 in the track section from Birmingham to the arrow marked ToFlorida and, also, the circuit of the-lamps 8 behind; the lens 23hearing To Florida, after which the plates42 and 47 simultaneouslydisengage their coiiperating brushes 35so as to break the circuits ofthe lamps 8 and 14 controlled thereby, while at the same time the plate72 disengages the brush 74, thereby breaking the circuit of the lamps 18in the letters of the Memphis-Birmingham-Florida divis1on.

Eighth, the plates 70, 73, and 75 on the members 65, 66, and 67 movesimultaneously into engagement with the'brushes 71, 74, and 76,respectively, and at the same time the plates 43, 46, and 48 movesimultaneously into engagement with their 006perating brushes 35,thereby effecting the closing of the circuits of all the lamps 8, 14,and 18, after which said plates 70, 73, 75, 43, 46, and 48simultaneously disengage their co6perating brushes with the result ofbreaking the circuits of all the lamps 8, 14, and 18 and completing thecycle.

It will be evident that while a line is being displayed by thesuccessive closing of the circuits of the lamps 8 and 14 indicating samein the manner hereinabove described, there will be a slight 'pause ateach city or station intermediate the terminals of the line beforecontinuing the run, this being effected by the offset sections of theplates on the drums of the flasher.

It should be understood that the lines of any number of divisions may bedisplayed in the manner'hereinabove described, and, if desired, insteadof St. Louis being the beginning of the route, same may be the end ofthe route.

. Various changes in the details of condivisions and the lines are beingdisplayed.

2. The herein-described process of advertising consisting in separatelydisplaying lines composing divisions of a system and having a commonterminus, separately displaying the names of the divisions while theirrespective lines are being displayed, and subsequently displaying allthe lines and the names of the divisions'simultaneously.

3. The herein-described process of'advertisin consisting inintermittently displaying ines composing divisions-of a system andhaving a commonvterminus, intermittently displaying the names of thedivisions while their respective lines are being dis-- played,subsequently displaying all the lines and the names ofthe divisionssimultaneously, and continuously displaying the name of the system whilethe names of the divisions and the lines are being displayed.

4. An advertising apparatus comprising illuminating means arranged torepresent lines composing divisions of a system and having a commonterminus, andilluminating means arranged to represent the names ofthedivisions, in combination with a flasher adapted to actuate said meansto display the lines separately with a. traveling efiect from saidterminus and separately displaying the names of the divisions whiletheir respective lines are being dislayedand subsequently to'display allthe ines and the names of the divisions simultaneously. I

'5. An advertising apparatus comprising illuminating means arranged torepresent lines composing divisions of a system and having "a commonterminus, illuminating means arranged {to represent the names of thedivisions, and illuminating means arranged to represent the name of thesystem, in combination with a, flasher means adapted to'actuate saidmeans to display the lines separately with a traveling effect from saidterminus and separately displaying the names of the divisions whiletheir respective lines are being displayed, subsequently to display allthe lines and the names of the divisions .simultaneously, and to displaythe name of the system continuously while the names of the divisions andthe lines are being displayed.

6. An advertising apparatus comprising illuminating means arranged torepresent lines composing divisions of a system and having a commonterminus, illuminating means arranged to represent the names of thedivisions, illuminating means arranged to represent the name of thesystem, and a framework supporting all of said means, in combinationwith a flasher means adapted to actuate said means to display the linesseparately with a traveling effect from said terminus and separatelydisplaying the names of the divisions while their respective lines arebeing displayed, subsequently to display all the lines and the'names ofthe divisions simultaneously, and to display the name of the systemcontinuously while the names of the divisions and the lines are beingdisplayed.

7. In an advertising apparatus, the combination of illuminating meansarranged to represent transportation lines, with means for controllingsaid illuminating means to displlaiy separately the lines with atraveling e ect between their terminals and means for displaying thenames of the divisions while the lines are being displayed.

8. In an advertising apparatus, the combination of illuminating meansarranged to represent lines composing divisions of a transportationsystem and the names of 'such divisions and having a common terminus,and a flashing device comprising means for controlling the circuits of'said means in such manner as to display separately the lines with atraveling effect from said terminus, to display separately the names ofthe divisions while their respective lines are being displayed andsubsequently toclose the circuits of all the means simultaneously todisplay all the lines and the names of the divisions simultaneously.

9. In an advertising apparatus the combination ofilluminating meansarranged to represent lines and names of lines composing divisions of atransportation system, and intermediate points, and having a commonterminus, and a flashing device comprising mean for controlling all ofthe circuits of said means in such manner as to produce a travelingeffect between the terminals of each line separately with a pause ateach intermediate point, the line and name display being intermittent.

In testimony. whereof I hereunto aflix my signature in the presence oftwo witnesses.

FRANK THOMPSON HOPKINS.

Witnesses:

GEORGE G. ANDERSON. WALTER C. Goals.

